The Marburg virus, a highly contagious and deadly disease, has caused panic in Rwanda with at least six deaths reported. The outbreak has affected medical staff and is being closely monitored by the Rwandan government. But how dangerous is this virus, and should India be worried?
Similar to Ebola, the Marburg virus is a severe illness that can have a fatality rate ranging from 24% to 88%, depending on the outbreak and medical care available. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies both Marburg and Ebola as members of the Filoviridae family. The Marburg virus was first identified in 1967 during outbreaks in Germany and Serbia linked to African green monkeys.
The Egyptian rousette fruit bat is the natural carrier of the Marburg virus. Human infections occur through direct contact with:
– Bodily fluids such as blood, saliva, or vomit
– Infected semen, which remains infectious even after recovery
– Contaminated surfaces or bedding
To protect against Marburg virus disease:
– Avoid contact with bodily fluids from infected individuals.
– Refrain from handling contaminated objects.
– Keep away from fruit bats and non-human primates in regions where Marburg outbreaks are reported.
There is no specific treatment for Marburg disease. Supportive care, such as hydration, maintaining oxygen levels, and managing symptoms, is essential. Patients receive care to improve their survival chances by addressing secondary infections and maintaining vital functions.
According to Dr. Sushila Kataria, Director of Internal Medicine at Medanta, Gurugram, Indians should not be alarmed. She notes that the virus has been contained in Rwanda, and with proper precautions, its spread can be controlled. Dr. Kataria also reassured that since the virus does not spread through the air, the risk of a widespread outbreak is limited.
