India and Japan have finalised an agreement on cybersecurity to boost cooperation on 5G technology and critical information infrastructure, besides pledging to work for a free and open Indo-Pacific with diversified supply chains. The readouts issued by India and Japan after a meeting between External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and his Japanese counterpart, Toshimitsu Motegi, in Tokyo made no mention of China, though many of the issues discussed by them appeared to be a response to Beijing’s actions across the region. The proposed agreement will promote cooperation in capacity building, research and development, and security and resilience in critical information infrastructure, 5G, Internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence.