Humanitarian Relief Progress
International mediators working to end Sudan’s ongoing conflict have welcomed recent decisions by both warring sides to facilitate humanitarian relief deliveries. In a joint statement issued on Saturday, the sponsors of the peace talks, including the United States, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, the African Union, and the United Nations, commended the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) for agreeing to cooperate with aid operations in Darfur and Kordofan states.
Key Decisions and Coordination
The mediators also praised the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) for opening the Adre border crossing from Chad into North Darfur for three months, allowing crucial aid to enter the region. These steps are aimed at addressing severe food insecurity and humanitarian needs, which have been exacerbated by the ongoing conflict. The joint statement called for both parties to coordinate with humanitarian organizations to ensure that these corridors operate efficiently and without obstruction.
Geneva Talks and Conflict Background
The negotiations, which began in Geneva on Wednesday, proceeded without the participation of the Sudanese army due to disagreements over the format of the discussions. The conflict, which erupted last year, has resulted in one of the world’s most severe humanitarian crises, with over 25 million people facing acute hunger. The war pits the SAF, led by Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, against the RSF, commanded by Mohamad Hamdan Dagalo, commonly known as “Hemedti.”
Humanitarian Efforts and Ongoing Violence
In a related development, the RSF has committed to facilitating humanitarian convoys through the Debbah crossing north of Khartoum. Despite these positive steps, recent reports indicate ongoing violence; an RSF attack in Jalgini village, Sennar state, reportedly resulted in numerous casualties. Additionally, a cholera outbreak has claimed at least 316 lives, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
International Response and US Involvement
US has emphasized the importance of the Geneva talks in ending the fighting and alleviating the humanitarian crisis. US Special Envoy for Sudan, Tom Perriello, highlighted the significance of the Adre border crossing opening for humanitarian efforts. He urged the SAF to join the negotiations to further advance peace efforts. The US, which has played a leading role in the peace process, has been working to support Sudan’s transition to a more stable and democratic government.
Historical Context
Sudan’s transition has been troubled since the 2019 overthrow of longtime ruler Omar al-Bashir. The subsequent military coup against the civilian government in October 2021 and the ensuing conflict between the SAF and RSF have hindered progress towards civilian rule. The Geneva talks represent a crucial opportunity to address both the immediate humanitarian needs and the broader political challenges facing Sudan.
