Since November, Iran-backed Houthi rebels have launched over 40 attacks on commercial ships in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, disrupting global trade. In response, former US President Donald Trump ordered a series of airstrikes against the Houthis, with a viral White House photo showing him watching the strike unfold.
The Houthi Attacks and Their Intentions
The Houthis claim their attacks are a response to Israel’s military operations in Gaza. Initially, they targeted vessels linked to Israel but later expanded to US and UK ships after American and British airstrikes hit their positions.
- On November 19, the Houthis hijacked a commercial ship in the Red Sea.
- By March 6, a missile strike on the True Confidence cargo ship killed three crew members.
- Their attacks have forced major shipping companies to avoid the Red Sea, increasing transport costs.
US and UK Retaliatory Strikes
In response to escalating attacks, the US and UK launched airstrikes on Houthi targets in Yemen starting January 11. President Trump justified the strikes as essential to protecting global trade and ensuring maritime security.
Who Are the Houthis?
The Houthis, also known as Ansar Allah, are an armed political and religious group from Yemen’s Zaidi Shia Muslim minority. They emerged in the 1990s and have been engaged in conflicts against Yemen’s government and its Saudi-led allies since 2015.
- They align with Iran’s “axis of resistance,” alongside Hamas and Hezbollah.
- They control Yemen’s capital, Sanaa, and much of the country’s northwest.
- Their leader is Abdul Malik al-Houthi.
Iran’s Role in the Houthi Conflict
The US and Saudi Arabia accuse Iran of supplying the Houthis with weapons, including drones and ballistic missiles, violating UN sanctions. Iran denies direct involvement but is believed to provide military and logistical support.
Impact on Global Trade
The Houthis’ disruption of Red Sea shipping, which accounts for 15% of global maritime trade, has led to rising shipping costs and longer delivery routes. Major companies have rerouted ships around Africa, affecting supply chains worldwide.
Future of the Conflict
With Trump’s latest strikes escalating tensions, the Houthis have vowed retaliation, while the US has issued a warning to Iran. As global powers navigate this volatile situation, the long-term impact on international trade and regional stability remains uncertain.
