May 08, 2025
From Operation Vijay to Operation Sindoor: The Evolution of India's Military Operations Against Pakistan
Operation Sindoor (2025): India’s Operation Sindoor targeted terror camps in Pakistan and PoK as retaliation for the Pahalgam attack, using advanced precision weapons
Indo-Pak War of 1947-48: India’s first military response to Pakistan’s infiltration into Kashmir, resulting in a UN ceasefire and India holding most of Kashmir
Operation Gulmarg (1947): Pakistan launched Operation Gulmarg to infiltrate Kashmir, leading to India’s military airlift and the first Kashmir war
Indo-Pak War of 1965: India defended its western coast with Operation Riddle and retaliated with Operation Blaze to neutralize Pakistani artillery in Kargil
Operation Riddle (1965): Indian Navy's defense strategy during the 1965 war, focusing on securing the western coast from Pakistani threats
Operation Blaze (1965): A limited strike in Kargil to counter Pakistani artillery shelling, marking India’s tactical dominance in Ladakh
Operation Gibraltar (1965): Pakistan’s covert plan to infiltrate Kashmir using disguised soldiers, escalating the conflict with India
Operation Grand Slam (1965): Pakistan attempted to capture Akhnoor, but the operation failed, leading to a deadlock and peace talks
Indo-Pak War of 1971: The war resulted in Bangladesh’s creation. India launched operations Trident and Python for victories on land and sea
Operation Cactus Lily (1971): Operation to defend the western front, preventing Pakistani advances during the 1971 war
Operation Trident (1971): A surprise naval attack on Karachi by India, using anti-ship missiles to damage Pakistan’s naval assets
Operation Python (1971): Follow-up to Operation Trident, further crippling Pakistani naval power in Karachi
Operation Meghdoot (1984): India preemptively occupied the Siachen Glacier, securing the world’s highest battlefield from Pakistani control
Kargil War (1999) - Operation Vijay: India’s response to Pakistani intrusions in Kargil, resulting in the recovery of strategic positions
Operation Safed Sagar (1999): Indian Air Force’s precision bombings during the Kargil war, supporting Operation Vijay and weakening Pakistan’s position
Operation Parakram (2001-2002): A large-scale military mobilization along the Pakistan border after the Parliament attack, showcasing India’s readiness
Surgical Strikes (2016): India’s targeted strikes across the LoC in response to the Uri attack, neutralizing terrorist camps in PoK
Operation X (2016): The 2016 surgical strikes, referred to as Operation X, involved paratroopers targeting terror launch pads in Pakistan
Balakot Air Strikes (2019) - Operation Bandar: India’s airstrike in Balakot targeting Jaish-e-Mohammed camps in retaliation for the Pulwama attack
Operation Bandar (2019): India’s first airstrike in Pakistan since 1971, targeting a major terrorist camp in Balakot after the Pulwama attack
Evolution of India’s Military Doctrine: From conventional wars to precision strikes, India’s military strategy has evolved to focus on counterterrorism and deterrence
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