According to new research, the COVID-19 pandemic had a wide range of impacts on maternity care. The study has been published in the ‘The Journal of Perinatal and Neonatal Nursing’. “Maternity care providers in Michigan experienced a range of complex challenges due to the pandemic, with many experiencing conflicts and questioning their role as a provider amid concerns of the effects of COVID-19 on themselves and their families,” according to the qualitative research reported by Lisa Kane Low, PhD, CNM, and colleagues of University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Maternity care providers in Michigan experienced a range of complex challenges due to the pandemic.
Covid-19 pandemic had a wide range of impacts on maternity care.
In early February 2020, Dr Kane Low and colleagues were in the process of administering a survey to maternity care teams across the state of Michigan that take part in The Obstetrics Initiative (OBI), a data-driven quality improvement collaborative.
The intent of the survey was to assess the influence maternity unit culture has on cesarean birth rates, but as the pandemic unfolded, the researchers wanted to additionally capture how a global health crisis might affect the maternity care landscape in Michigan. In mid-April 2020, they added a single, open-ended question: “How has COVID-19 impacted your work?”A total of 647 responses were received from nurses, physicians, midwives and other maternity care professionals at 21 hospitals, representing a range of hospital types (academic medical centres and community hospitals) and settings (urban/suburban, rural).
In a content analysis of survey responses, the research team identified five key themes:
1. Patient care impact. Cancelling elective procedures and shifting from in-person to telehealth visits led to patients waiting longer to go to the hospital when they thought they were in labour. However, at some hospitals, respondents perceived positive effects, including more women coming to the hospital in active labour and fewer undergoing induced labour. “It seems as though this has decreased the intervention rate and maybe the cesarean section rate,” a nurse-midwife wrote.
2. Burdens of personal protective equipment (PPE). All providers reported challenges related to the new reality of being masked when providing patient care. Nurses provided “more intense” responses – they described barriers to providing hands-on care as well as fatigue and discomfort from wearing PPE all day.
3. Visitor restrictions. Restrictions on visitors to reduce COVID-19 spread had some negative effects, especially in decreased support for labouring women. However, there were also reports of positive effects: some providers felt that fewer visits led to increased rest for patients and decreased stress for staff.
4. Ethical challenges and moral distress. Respondents voiced concerns related to the complex balance between their own health and well-being and the ability to carry out their professional roles. Concerns about “moral distress” related to conflicting roles were most apparent at hospitals with high COVID-19 case rates.
The study provided important new evidence and direct quotes from a wide range of maternity care providers across Michigan in “real-time” as the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded. “This ongoing disruption to usual care has taken a physical and emotional toll on all maternity care professionals,” Dr Low and coauthors concluded.