As the war in Ukraine continues to intensify, Russia has revised its nuclear policy, signaling an increased willingness to deploy nuclear weapons in response to conventional attacks. On Tuesday, November 19, President Vladimir Putin approved changes that lower the threshold for using nuclear weapons, particularly in situations where Russia faces aggression from a non-nuclear state, supported by a nuclear power like the United States. This shift comes amid heightened tensions after Ukraine launched US-supplied Army Tactical Missile System (ATACMS) missiles into Russia.
The updated doctrine outlines several scenarios in which Russia might resort to nuclear weapons, including large-scale airstrikes or missile attacks, and extends Russia’s nuclear umbrella to Belarus, its ally. Experts warn that these changes could have significant consequences for global security.
Russia’s nuclear arsenal, the largest in the world, currently includes an estimated 5,580 warheads, with 1,710 strategically deployed. In comparison, the US possesses 5,748 warheads. Russian nuclear missiles, including the feared Sarmat ICBM or “Satan 2,” are capable of reaching distant targets like London or Washington.
The decision to alter its nuclear posture highlights Moscow’s growing military threat, as Russia has been modernizing its nuclear forces. While it remains unclear whether Putin will use nuclear weapons in the ongoing conflict, he has made repeated threats throughout the war. In response to Western involvement, Putin has issued stark warnings, hinting at potential nuclear escalation if Russia’s security is directly challenged.
The future of Russia’s nuclear strategy remains uncertain, but the global community watches with concern as Putin maintains control over one of the world’s most powerful arsenals.