Gender inequality is not merely an abstract concept; it is a pervasive reality that permeates the very fabric of our lives. One glaring manifestation of this inequality lies in inheritance practices, where centuries-old traditions and biases often side-line daughters. Despite laws advocating fairness, the entrenched mindset that prioritize male heirs perpetuate a cycle of disparity making true equality a challenging goal.
Fortunately, the Indian government has recognized this issue and has made strides to address it through various bills and amendments aimed at minimizing the gender gap. The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act of 2005, marked a crucial step forward. This landmark legislation granted daughters equal rights to their father’s property, whether ancestral or self-acquired acknowledging their rightful place as heirs. However, the reality on the ground often tells a different story. Societal beliefs that prioritize male heirs frequently undermine the implementation of this law. For instance, if a father chooses to draft a will that bequeaths his property solely to his sons, the daughter may find herself stripped of her rightful claim, regardless of her contributions or worth.
Despite progressive laws, many parents remain anchored in traditional beliefs. In too many households, daughters are viewed as transient members—once married, they are considered to have severed ties with their parental home. This pervasive cultural notion not only diminishes a daughter’s status within her family but also places unnecessary burdens on her, forcing her to seek permission from her brothers just to return to her childhood home. Such attitudes foster feelings of displacement and devalue the significant contributions daughters make to their families.
Worse, the perception that investing in a daughter’s education is futile because she will eventually marry further entrenches this inequality. Parents often hesitate to allocate resources toward their daughters’ education, viewing it as an expense that offers no “long-term return”. This attitude robs daughters of opportunities and reinforces the outdated notion that their value lies solely in fulfilling traditional roles.
The disparities in treatment between sons and daughters are stark and, in many cases, heartbreaking. In numerous families, sons are encouraged to lead extravagant lifestyles, while daughters grapple with financial limitations. The societal expectation that sons will care for their parents in old age contrasts sharply with the assumption that daughters will establish their own families. This creates a cycle of dependency and inequality, where daughters are expected to provide care without the financial support they rightfully deserve. This inconsistency speaks volumes about the societal norms that need to be dismantled.
Achieving equality in inheritance demands more than legal reform- it requires a cultural shift. While laws like the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act represent a step forward, more needs to be done. Greater awareness and education regarding these rights must reach every corner of society. Parents should be encouraged to view their daughters and sons as equals, understanding that investing in a daughter’s education and future is just as valuable as doing so for a son.
The government also plays a pivotal role. Strengthening the enforcement of inheritance laws and holding families accountable for discriminatory practices is essential in this fight for equality. Additionally, initiatives aimed at changing societal perceptions about gender roles will be crucial for fostering a culture that values the contributions of both daughters and sons equally. Community-Driven initiatives, media campaigns, and educational programs can play pivotal roles in shifting mindsets and empowering women to claim their rightful place in the society.
Gender inequality often begins at birth, but it is not insurmountable. Through collective efforts aimed at changing both laws and mindsets, we can pave the way for a more equitable future. By championing equal rights to inheritance and encouraging families to invest in their daughters’ futures, we can break the cycle of inequality that has persisted for far too long.
The journey toward achieving gender equality is ongoing, and it starts at home—with a commitment to recognizing the inherent value and rights of every child, regardless of gender.
Let us come together to envision a world where every daughter is seen as an equal, where her dreams are nurtured, and where she can inherit not just property, but also the respect and opportunities she deserves. In this world, the legacy of equality will be our greatest inheritance.
Capt Indira Vashishta is an ex-airline pilot, motivational speaker and an eminent columnist.
