St. Martin’s Island, a small coral island in the Bay of Bengal, has become a focal point in Bangladesh’s political crisis. Ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina recently alleged that the United States had shown interest in the island, suggesting that relinquishing control could have kept her in power. Hasina claimed that a “white man” had offered her a chance to return to office in exchange for granting the US an airbase on the island. Her son, Sajeeb Wazed, has denied these remarks, calling them false and fabricated. The US State Department has firmly rejected any claims of negotiations or interest in St. Martin’s Island.
Strategic and Historical Significance
St. Martin’s Island, also known as Narikel Jinjira, has been part of Bangladesh since the 1974 agreement with Myanmar and was confirmed as Bangladeshi territory by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea in 2012. Its location near the Strait of Malacca makes it strategically valuable due to its oversight of major maritime trade routes and potential surveillance of regional activities, including Chinese investments.
Economic and Environmental Importance
Economically, St. Martin’s Island is significant for Bangladesh, lying within its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). It provides access to important marine resources like fish, oil, and gas. The island’s coral reefs and unique marine life also highlight its environmental importance. As a popular tourist destination, it contributes to the local economy with its pristine beaches and cultural heritage.
Maritime Disputes and Regional Tensions
The island’s proximity to Myanmar has led to ongoing maritime boundary disputes, despite the ITLOS ruling. Bangladeshi fishermen have faced harassment from Myanmar’s naval forces. The Rohingya refugee crisis has further strained the region’s security. Additionally, there are concerns about insurgent groups like the Arakan Army trying to claim the island.
US Interest and Regional Implications
The alleged US interest in St. Martin’s Island is seen as part of a broader strategy to counter China’s influence in South Asia. Unconfirmed reports suggest that the US might have proposed a military base on the island, though these have been denied by US officials. The potential US presence could impact regional dynamics, affecting relations with neighboring countries like India and China and influencing shipping and investment patterns in the Bay of Bengal.